Torah Pearls – Season 2 – Bamidbar – Rabbi Tovia Singer, Jono & Jason
And the sons of Merari by their families: Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of the Levites by their fathers’ houses. – Numbers 3:20
Join us for this year’s Tanakh Tour of Israel!
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Could the Tabernacle be setup (01/01/02nd yr) on a Shabbat, or would this be a Holy Day, convocation, 1st day of the year? The next event 01/08/02 would be an Shabbat also if the SONS can be anointed on a Shabbat. What I am asking is can one WORK/Anoint/Setup on a Shabbat?
You are asking many questions! No work could be done on the Tabernacle (Mishkahn) on Shabbat. Mechilta, Rashi, ad loc; Shabbos 70a, 97b; Yerushalmi, 7:2. Also see I 13b, Chagiga 10b “Mach’sheves.”
Chazal learn from this that on Shabbat we don’t do the 39 Melachot (tasks that were part of building the Mishkahn) that were done in order to build the Mishkan.
People think Jews don’t work on Shabbat, but the prohibitions are to perform no melachot (the 39 activities it took to build the Mishkahn).
Here is the list of the 39 Melachot (main activities) prohibited on the Shabbat as listed in the Mishna Shabbat 73a:
1. Zoreah – Sowing (seeding)
2. Choresh – Plowing
3. Kotzair – Reaping (cutting)
4. M’amair – Gathering (bundling sheaves)
5. Dush – Threshing
6. Zoreh – Winnowing
7. Borer – Sorting (selecting, separating)
8. Tochain – Grinding
9. Miraked – Sifting
10. Lush – Kneading
11. Ofeh / (Bishul) – Baking/cooking
12. Gozez – Shearing
13. Melabain – Whitening (bleaching)
14. Menafetz – Disentangling, Combing
15. Tzovayah – Dyeing
16. Toveh – Spinning
17. Maisach – Mounting the warp (stretching threads onto loom)
18. Oseh Beit Batai Neirin – Setting two heddles (preparing to weave)
19. Oraig – Weaving
20. Potzai’ah – Separating (removing) threads (Unweaving)
21. Koshair – Tying a knot
22. Matir – Untying a knot
23. Tofair – Sewing
24. Ko’reah – Tearing (unsewing – ripping)
25. Tzud – Trapping
26. Shochet – Slaughtering (Killing)
27. Mafshit – Skinning
28. M’abaid – Salting/tanning process [1]
29. Mesharteit – Tracing (scratching) lines
30. Memacheik – Smoothing / scraping
31. Mechateich – Cutting (to shape)
32. Kotaiv – Writing two or more letters
33. Mochaik – Erasing two or more letters
34. Boneh – Building
35. Soiser – Demolishing
36. Mechabeh – Extinguishing (putting out a flame)
37. Ma’avir – Kindling (making a fire)
38. Makeh B’Patish – Striking the final blow (Finishing an object)
39. Hotza’ah – Transferring (transporting) from domain to domain (carrying)
[1] The list of Melachot in the Talmud (Tractate Shabbat 7:2) includes salting hides and tanning as separate Melachot. The Talmud (Tractate Shabbat 75b) states that these two are really the same Melacha, and amends the Mishna by inserting tracing lines, as the twenty-ninth Melacha.