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Shapira Scroll

The Torah contains two competing lists of the twelve tribes of Israel. While no two lists of the tribes are identical, their division into one of two categories is revealing. Milgrom identifies a determining factor: “The tribal lists throughout the Bible may vary in the names and order of the tribes, but they share in…

This paper will offer evidence supporting the Shapira Scroll as a proto-biblical document. It will do this by comparing and contrasting passages from the following three documents: the canonical text of Leviticus, the Cairo Geniza’s Damascus Document (CD), and the Decalogue - together with its corresponding Blessings and Curses - of the Shapira Scroll. It…